TOEFL Preparation ; Latihan Soal Tipe Structure and Written Expression TOEFL

Soal structure and written expression dalam ujian TOEFL diujikan dalam sesi kedua setelah uji listening. Alokasi waktu untuk menjawab soal tersebut hanya 25 menit. Lumayan singkat bila merujuk pada jumlah dan level kesulitan soal. Bentuk soal tipe tersebut ditujukan untuk menguji kemampuan dalam mengenali formal written English. Soal structure and written expression merupakan dua tipe soal yang berbeda, berikut penjelasan singkatnya,

Tipe Structure

Tipe soal ini dibuat untuk mengukur kemampuan kita mengenali bahasa yang tepat dalam standar bahasa Inggris tertulis ( standard written English). Pertanyaan dalam soal structure merupakan soal incomplete sentence (kalimat rumpang), dengan pilihan jawaban (A), (B), (C), dan (D) yang berupa kata atau frase. Pilihlah salah satu kata atau frase yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut.   Beberapa tips yang bisa dicoba dalam menjawab pertanyaan structure adalah sebagai berikut :

• Baca kalimat secara keseluruhan, kemudian coba masukkan jawaban (A) dalam rumpang kalimat tersebut.
• Bila tidak benar, analisislah mengapa kalimat tersebut tidak benar.
• Bila pilihan jawaban (A) bukanlah jawaban yang benar, maka cobalah pada pilihan jawaban (B), (C) dan (D).
• Cobalah untuk mengingat pola atau rumus yang benar kalimat yang digunakan.

Inilah contoh pertanyaan pola structure yang saya kutip dari Buku Cliffs TOEFL Preparation Guide.  

I wish you would tell me ____

    (A) who is being lived next door

    (B) who does live in the next door

    (C) who lives next door

    (D) who next door was living

Pembahasan : Pilihan jawaban (A) bisa langsung kita hilangkan karena penggunaan who tidak tepat dengan verbal structure-nya "is being lived". Untuk "A life" mungkin saja bisa diterapkan, namun untuk "a person" tidak cocok untuk diterapkan. "Live" biasanya tidak bertindak sebagai complement, oleh karena itu tidak bisa dijadikan kalimat pasif. Pada pilihan (B),  bukanlah jawaban yang benar, karena "does" dan "in the" tidak diperlukan dalam kalimat tersebut. Pilihan jawaban (C), merupakan pilihan yang benar, karena memenuhi syarat  "subject + verb + (complement) + (modifier), dan untuk pilihan jawaban (D), bukanlah pilihan yang benar karena tidak sesuai dengan aturan tersebut diatas (subject + verb + (complement) + (modifier)).

Tipe Written Expression

Dalam tipe written expression, setiap kalimat memiliki empat kata atau frase yang digaris bawahi. Kata atau frase yang digarisbawahi di tandai dengan (A), (B), (C), an (D). Salah satu dari kata atau frase tersebut "salah", dalam artian harus diubah menjadi pola yang benar agar supaya kalimat tersebut menjadi tepat. 

Sebagai contoh, berikut ini adalah soal tipe written expression.

In the(A) United States, there (B) are much (C) holidays throughout the (D) year.

Pembahasan : Penggunaan "much" tidak tepat diterapkan karena kata "holidays" merupakan kata benda yang bisa dihitung (count noun), oleh karena itu kata "much" tidak tepat dan seharusnya diubah menjadi kata "many" untuk lebih tepatnya.

Nah, untuk melatih kemampuan anda dalam menghadapi ujian TOEFL khususnya dalam soal tipe structure and written expression, berikut saya kumpulkan soal tipe tersebut dengan jumlah soal sebanyak 40 butir soal yang terdiri dari 15 soal tipe structure dan 25 soal tipe written expression dengan materi soal yang dipilih sesuai dengan tingkat kesulitan level uji TOEFL. Oke, langsung saja, berikut latihannya.
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Structure.
Directions : Questions 1- 15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. Presidential ____ held every four years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
is elected
elections are
elected and
electing

2. The population of the earth is increasing at a tremendous rate and ___ out of control.
why it will be
soon will be
they have become
are soon going to be

3. ___ impressive chapter in the book was the chapter on Stuart's scientific.
Most
The most
Most of the
It was the most

4. Because of his reservations about the issue, ____ refused to vote for it.
which the senator
who
and
the senator

5. Rarely ____ remove the entire root of a dandelion because its length and sturdiness.
the casual gardener
does the casual gardener's
the casual gardener will
can the casual gardener

6. Carnivorous plants ____ insects to obtain oxygen.
trap generally
are trapped generally
generally trap
are trapped generally

7. Our success depends ____ the project by December.
finishing
about finishing
on to finish
on finishing

8. Shakespeare wrote many plays, but in my opinion The Merchant of Venice was the ____.
better
best
most good
goodest

9. John studied accounting and ____ while he was at Yale.
also pursued economics
economics
he also studied economics
economics was also studied by him

10. The flight instructor, ____ at the air base, said the orders not to fight had been issued.
when he interviewed
when interviewed
when to interview
when interviewing

11. ___ in the United States declined from twenty million in 1910 to nine million in the 1970s.
For a number of horses
The number of horses
When the number of horses
That the number of horses

12. When ___ nests during spring nesting season, Canadian geese are fiercely territorial.
are building
building
are built
built

13. Kokanee salmon begin to deteriorate and die soon ____ at the age of four.
after spawning
they spawn
spawn
spawned the salmon

14. ___ will be carried in the next space shuttle payload has not yet been announced to the public.
When
What
That
It

15. Evidence suggests that one-quarter of operations ____ bypass surgery may be unnecessary.
involve
involving
which they involve
they involve

Structure.
Directions : Questions 16- 40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.

16. Each number binary (A) system are (B)formed (C)from only two (D) symbols.
A
B
C
D

17. The great digital (A) advances of the electronic age, such as integrated circuitry (B) and a microcomputer, has (C) been planted (D) in tiny chips.  C
A
B
C
D

18. There are many frequently (A) mentioned (B) reasons why one out of four arrests (C) involve (D)a juvenile.
A
B
C
D

19. Only with a two-thirds (A) vote by both house are (B) the U.S Congress able to (C) override a presidential veto (D).
A
B
C
D

20. The skeleton of a (A) shark is made (B) of cartilage rather than (C) having (D) bone.
A
B
C
D

21. In 1870, the attorney general was made (A) head of the Department of Justice, given an enlarged (B) staff, and endow (C)with clear-cut-law-enforcement functions (D).
A
B
C
D

22. Helium has (A) the most low (B) boiling (C) point of all substances (D).
A
B
C
D

23. There is (A) twenty six bones in the human foot (B) , fourteen of them (C) in the toes (D).
A
B
C
D

24. The study demonstrates (A) that (B) neither experience or (C) awareness will improve chances (D) of success.
A
B
C
D

25. To determine (A) an object's force, the mass (B) and speed of the (C) object must be measure (D).
A
B
C
D

26. When a country in (A) an early stage development, investments (B) in fixed (C) capital are vital (D).
A
B
C
D

27. Inasmuch (A) he kept mostly (B) to himself (C) , the author of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre was (D) known as the mysterious B.Treuen.
A
B
C
D

28. The first (A) fish have (B) appeared (C) on the earth approximately 500 million (D)years ago.
A
B
C
D

29. Cameos (A) can be carved (B) not only from (C) onyx and sardonyx or (D) from agate.
A
B
C
D

30. The dangers of noise are (A), unfortunately, not as clear-cut than (B) are those (C) from most other (D) health hazards.
A
B
C
D

31. Because of the mobile (A)of Americans today, it is (B) difficult for them (C) to put down real roots (D).
A
B
C
D

32. Never in the history (A)of humanity there have been (B) more people (C) living (D)on this relatively small planet.
A
B
C
D

33. The United States receives (A) a large amount (B) of revenue from taxation (C) of a (D) tobacco products.
A
B
C
D

34. There was (A) four groups of twenty rats (B) each involved (C) in the test (D).
A
B
C
D

35. In the milky Way galaxy, the most (A) recent (B) observed supernova appeared (C) in (D) 1604.
A
B
C
D

36. Doctors successfully (A) used hypnosis during (B) World War II to treat (C) fatigue battle (D).
A
B
C
D

37. Light (A) can travels (B) from the Sun (C)to the earth in eight minutes (D) and twenty seconds.
A
B
C
D

38. Every human typically (A) have (B) twenty-pairs of (C) chromosomes in most cells (D).
A
B
C
D

39. The main cause of the ocean's tides (A) is (B) the gravitation (C) pull of the moon (D).
A
B
C
D

40. The English horn is an alto  (A) oboe with a pitch (B) one fifth lower as (C) that (D) of the soprano oboe.
A
B
C
D
Score =
Correct answers:

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Semoga latihan Soal Tipe Structure and Written Expression TOEFL bisa membantu anda yang sedang mempersiapkan menghadapi ujian TOEFL. Jangan lupa tuliskan skor pencapaian anda melalui kolom komentar di bawah ya..

Terima kasih dan semoga sukses.

Sumber materi dan soal :

• Cliffs TOEFL Preparation Guide by Michael A.Pyle, M.A and Mary Ellen Munoz Page, M.A
• Longman Complete Course for the TOEFL Test : Preparation for the Computer and paper tests by Deborah Phillips.
• Peterson's : Master TOEFL Writing Skills

Sumber http://www.ahzaa.net/

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